SYSTEM FOR OPHTHALMIC DISPENSING. 4TH EDITION

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Acknowledgments
System for Ophthalmic Dispensing, Fourth Edition

Part I: Ophthalmic Dispensing
1: Frame Types and Parts
Abstract
Basic Parts
Construction
Frame Materials
Allergic Reactions to Frame Materials
References
Proficiency Test

2: Frame Measurements and Markings
Abstract
The Boxing System
Overall Temple Length
Frame Markings
Reference
Proficiency Test

3: Measuring the Interpupillary Distance
Abstract
Definition
Distance PD
Near PD
Using the Near PD for Bifocal Segment Inset
References
Proficiency Test

4: Frame Selection
Abstract
Using the Wearer's Old Frame
Cosmetic Considerations
Fitting Considerations
A Word on Frame Management
References
Proficiency Test

5: Reference Point Placement, Multifocal Height, and Blank Size Determination
Abstract
Position of the Frame
Optical Centering for Single-Vision Lenses
Measuring for Multifocal Heights
Compensating for an Incorrectly Sized Sample Frame
Instructing the New Bifocal Wearer
Determining Lens Blank Size
References
Proficiency Test

6: Ordering and Verification
Abstract
Ordering
Reordering From Existing Spectacles
Ordering Lenses Only
Verification
References
Proficiency Test

7: Lens Insertion
Abstract
An Overview of Inserting Lenses Into Plastic Frames
Lens Insertion Into a Metal Frame
Lens Insertion Into A Nylon Cord Frame
Cleaning Frames and Lenses
References
Proficiency Test

8: Standard Alignment
Abstract
Standard Alignment or “Truing” of Frames
SECTION A: Standard Alignment of Plastic Frames
SECTION B: Standard Alignment of Metal Frames
SECTION C: Standard Alignment of Nose Pads
SECTION D: Standard Alignment of Rimless Eyewear
References
Proficiency Test

9: Adjusting the Frame
Abstract
Causes of Complaint
Overall Frame Adjusting
Fitting Adjustable Nose Pads
References
Proficiency Test

10: Frame Repairs and Modifications
Abstract
Screw Replacements and Repairs
Nose pad Replacements
Temple Repairs
Repairing the Hinges
Plastic Bridge Repairs
The Eyewire and Lens
Cleaning the Frame
Soldering
References
Proficiency Test

Part II: Ophthalmic Lenses
11: Review of Elementary Mathematical Principles
Abstract
The Metric System
Review of Algebra
Review of Geometry
Review of Trigonometry
Proficiency Test

12: Characteristics of Ophthalmic Lenses
Abstract
Theory of Light
Reflection
The Speed of Light and Refractive Index
Refraction
Prism
How Curved Lenses Refract Light
Focal Points and Distances
Quantifying Lenses
The Action of a Lens on Nonparallel Light
Spheres, Cylinders, and Spherocylinders
Lens Form
Reference
Proficiency Test

13: Lens Curvature and Thickness
Abstract
Categories of Ophthalmic Lenses
Base Curves
Measurement of Lens Curvature
Adding Cylinders
Lens Thickness
Curvature in an Oblique Meridian
Proficiency Test

14: Optical Considerations With Increasing Lens Power
Abstract
Lens Power as Related to Position
As Lens Thickness Increases
Front and Back Vertex Powers
Proficiency Test

15: Optical Prism: Power and Base Direction
Abstract
Ophthalmic Prisms
Compounding and Resolving Prism
Rotary Prisms
How the Effective Power of a Prism Changes for Near Objects
Proficiency Test

16: Optical Prism: Decentration and Thickness
Abstract
Decentration of Spheres
Decentration of Cylinders
Decentration of Spherocylinders
Prism Thickness
Proficiency Test

17: Fresnel Prisms and Lenses
Abstract
What Is a Fresnel Prism?
When Are Fresnel Prisms Used?
What Is a Fresnel Lens?
References
Proficiency Test

18: Lens Design
Abstract
A Short History of Lens Development
Lens Aberrations
Appropriate Base Curves
Aspheric Lenses
Atoric Lenses
Working With Aspheric and Atoric Lenses
High Plus Lens Designs
High Minus Lens Designs
Myopia Control
Wearer-Adjustable Lenses
References
Proficiency Test

19: Segmented Multifocal Lenses
Abstract
Multifocal Lenses
Types of Bifocal Segments
Types of Trifocal Lenses
Occupational Multifocal Lenses
Ordering the Correct Lens Power for Reading Glasses
Image Jump
Accommodation Through Spectacle Lenses
Creating Horizontal Prism at Near Only
Reference
Proficiency Test

20: Progressive Addition Lenses
Abstract
Section 1: Measurement and Dispensing of Progressive Lenses
Section 2: General Purpose Progressive Lenses
Section 3: Specialty Progressive-Style Lenses
Section 4: Prism and Progressive Lenses
References
Proficiency Test

21: Anisometropia
Abstract
Introduction
Aniseikonia
Correcting Aniseikonia With Spectacle Lenses
Prismatic Effect of Lens Pairs
Vertical Imbalance
Correcting for Vertical Imbalance
Determining the Correct Amount of Compensation for Vertical Imbalance
Methods for Determining the Prism Correction Needed
Correcting the Full Imbalance by Calculations
Fitting, Measuring, and Calculating for Slab Off With Progressive Add Lenses
Designing a Lens to Change the Appearance of a Blind Eye
References
Proficiency Test

22: Absorptive Lenses
Abstract
Classification
The Effect of Visible and Nonvisible Light on the Eye
Required Amounts of Absorption
Color Characteristics
Sunglasses
Dyeing Plastic Lenses
Lens Coatings
Photochromic Lenses
Polarizing Lenses
Glare Control Lenses
Specialty Absorptive Lenses
Absorptive Lens Calculations
References
Proficiency Test

23: Lens Materials, Safety Eyewear, and Sports Eyewear
Abstract
Lens Materials
General Eyewear Categories
Requirements for Dress Eyewear
Safety Eyewear
Eye Protection for Sports
Providing Best Choices and Preventing Liability
References
Proficiency Test

24: How Lenses Are Edged
Abstract
Spotting of Single-Vision Lenses Without Prism
Spotting of Single-Vision Lenses With Prism
Spotting of Flat-Top Multifocal Lenses
Spotting Progressive Addition Lenses
Patterns
Using a Frame Tracer for Patternless Systems of Edging
Centration of Lenses
Edging the Lens
Proficiency Test

Appendix A: ANSI Z80.1 Prescription Ophthalmic Lenses—Recommendations
Introduction
How to Determine If Refractive Power Is Within Tolerance
Appendix B: Special-Purpose Frames
Appendix C: Correcting Vertical Imbalance for Both Distance and Near Viewing
Correcting Near Vertical Imbalance for Segmented Multifocal Lenses at Both Distance and Near
Correcting Vertical Imbalance for Progressive Add Lenses at Both Distance and Near1,2
References
Proficiency Test Answer Key
Glossary
Index

Understand and meet your patients’ eyewear needs with the reference that covers every aspect of dispensing ? from basic terminology to frame selection to eyewear fitting, adjusting, and repairing. System for Ophthalmic Dispensing, 4th Edition, provides a step-by-step system for properly fitting and adjusting eyewear, including the nuances of lens selection, making it an ideal resource both for students who are just learning about dispensing and practitioners who want to keep their skills up to date. Thorough discussions of every topic and hundreds of newly revised and enhanced review questions make this a one-stop educational and clinical resource for today’s eyecare professionals.

AUTHOR
Clifford Brooks. Affiliations and expertise
Associate Professor of Optometry, Indiana University School of Optometry, Bloomington, IN