SPECIALTY IMAGING.TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT AND SLEEP-DISORDERED BREATHING. 2ND EDITION

• SECTION 1: UNDERSTANDING TMJ AND UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
4 Embryology and Fetal Development of Face and Neck
14 TMJ Embryology
20 Upper Respiratory Tract Embryology
26 TMJ Effect on Facial Growth
36 TMJ Effect on Upper Respiratory Tract Morphology
FUNCTION AND BIOMECHANICS
40 Occlusion and Orthopedic Stability
48 Levers and Kinesiology of the Masticatory System
52 Jaw Function, Dysfunction, and TMJ Biomechanics
58 4D Mandibular Movements
64 Tensegrity and the Upper Respiratory Tract
72 Tensegrity and the TMJ/AOJ Posture
80 The Tricentric Concept of Occlusion
88 Structure of Mandibular Condyle and Related TMJ Biomechanics
92 Structure and Function of TMJ Disc and Disc Attachments
96 Modeling and Remodeling of TMJ and Mandible
112 Biodynamics of Upper Respiratory Tract
• SECTION 2: ANATOMYTMJ
118 TMJ Osseous Components
130 TMJ Disc/Fibrocartilage
136 TMJ Capsule and Ligaments
140 TMJ Histology and Synovial Fluid Composition
144 TMJ Innervation
146 TMJ Vasculature
MUSCLES
150 Muscles of Mastication
152 Facial Muscles and Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System
166 Suprahyoid and Infrahyoid Neck
178 Tongue
182 Posterior Cervical Muscles
JAWS
186 Mandible
192 Maxilla
200 Teeth
TEMPORAL BONE
206 Temporal Bone
UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT
222 Sinonasal Overview
236 Ostiomeatal Unit
240 Frontal Recess and Related Air Cells
250 Nasopharynx and Oropharynx
256 Hypopharynx
SKULL BASE
266 Skull Base Overview
272 Anterior Skull Base
278 Central Skull Base
284 Posterior Skull Base
CRANIAL NERVES RELATED TO TMJ
294 Cranial Nerves Overview
306 Trigeminal Nerve (CNV)
318 Facial Nerve (CNVII)
326 Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CNIX)
332 Vagus Nerve (CNX)
338 Accessory Nerve (CNXI)
342 Hypoglossal Nerve (CNXII)
CERVICAL SPINE AND OTHERS
348 Cervical Spine
366 Craniocervical Junction
376 Styloid Process and Stylohyoid Ligament
380 Hyoid Bone
• SECTION 3: MODALITIES USED FOR TMJ AND UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT IMAGING INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW
388 Imaging Decision Making
HARD TISSUE IMAGING
390 Plain Film Imaging of TMJ
396 Plain Film Imaging of Upper Respiratory Tract
398 Arthrography
400 Introduction to CBCT Imaging
408 CBCT Analysis of TMJ
414 CBCT Analysis of Upper Respiratory Tract
424 Radiation Dose in CBCT
428 Introduction to MDCT Imaging
434 MCDT Image Acquisition and Processing for TMJ and Airway Analysis
SOFT TISSUE IMAGING
442 Introduction to MR Imaging
450 Dynamic MR of TMJ and Upper Respiratory Tract
454 Quantitative MR of Cartilage and Implications for TMJ Imaging
460 Introduction to US Imaging
468 US of TMJ and Upper Respiratory Tract
474 Arthroscopy
• SECTION 4: TMJ DIAGNOSES CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF TMD
482 Correlation of Clinical Symptoms of TMD to Radiographic Findings
494 Functional Disorders of Muscles
500 Intracapsular Disorders of TMJ
CONGENITAL CONDITIONS
508 Craniofacial Malformations and Syndromes Affecting TMJ
520 Hemifacial Microsomia
524 Pierre Robin Sequence
528 Treacher Collins Syndrome
DEVELOPMENTAL CONDITIONS
530 Condylar Hypoplasia
534 Condylar Hyperplasia
540 Coronoid Hyperplasia
544 Hemimandibular Elongation
548 Mandibular Salivary Gland Defect (Stafne)
550 Foramen Tympanicum
TRAUMA
552 TMJ Fracture, Adult and Neonatal
558 TMJ Dislocation
560 Bifid Condyle
564 Osteochondritis Dissecans
INFLAMMATORY CONDITIONS
566 Rheumatoid Arthritis
572 Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
578 Septic Arthritis
582 Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis
584 Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis
DEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS
588 Degenerative Joint Disease
592 Idiopathic Condylar Resorption
598 Synovial Cyst
600 TMJ Ganglion Cyst
DISC DERANGEMENT CONDITIONS
602 MR Analysis of Normal TMJ Disc
606 Fine Structural Details of Disc and Posterior Attachment
612 Overview of Disc Displacements
618 Disc Displacement With Reduction
624 Disc Displacement Without Reduction
630 Joint Fluid and Marrow Alterations
636 Adhesions
638 US of TMJ Internal Derangement
ACQUIRED CONDITIONS
644 Dual Bite
650 Posterior Tooth Fulcrum Formation
654 Fibrous Ankylosis
656 Bony Ankylosis
658 Osteoradionecrosis
TUMOR-LIKE LESIONS
662 Primary Synovial Chondromatosis
666 Secondary Synovial Chondromatosis
668 Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition
BENIGN NEOPLASMS
672 Osteochondroma
678 Osteoma
MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS
680 Chondrosarcoma
684 Osteosarcoma
686 Metastasis
MISCELLANEOUS
688 Simple Bone Cyst
690 Aneurysmal Bone Cyst
694 Fibrous Dysplasia
OCCLUSAL STRESS-RELATED CONDITIONS
698 Attrition
700 Abfraction
701 Hypercementosis
702 Cemental Fractures
704 Alveolar Process Exostosis
706 Torus Mandibularis
708 Torus Palatinus
• SECTION 5: TMJ DISORDER MIMICS
ORAL CONDITIONS AFFECTING/MIMICKING TMD
712 Odontogenic Infection of Pulpal Origin
716 Oral Cavity Soft Tissue Infections
720 Osteomyelitis of Jaw
724 Perineural Tumor Spread
TMD AND TEMPORAL BONE ABNORMALITIES
728 Temporal Bone and Cervical Disorders Mimicking TMD
736 Temporal Bone Anatomy and Imaging Issues
742 EAC-Acquired Cholesteatoma
743 Necrotizing External Otitis
744 Keratosis Obturans
745 EAC Osteoma
746 Medial Canal Fibrosis
747 EAC Basal Cell Carcinoma
748 EAC Skin Squamous Cell Carcinoma
749 Acute Otomastoiditis With Abscess
750 Acute Otomastoiditis With Coalescent Otomastoiditis
751 Labyrinthitis
752 Pars Flaccida Cholesteatoma
753 Temporal Bone Fibrous Dysplasia
754 Temporal Bone Fractures
756 Temporal Bone Perineural Parotid Malignancy
CERVICAL SPINE ABNORMALITIES RELATED TO TMD OR SDB
758 Degenerative Arthritis of CVJ
762 Cervical Spondylosis
763 Cervical Facet Arthropathy
764 Ankylosing Spondylitis
766 Rheumatoid Arthritis, Cervical Spine
770 Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, Cervical Spine
771 Ligamentous Injury
772 Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
773 Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis
774 Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Deposition,
Cervical Spine
775 Longus Colli Calcific Tendinitis
MASTICATOR SPACE CONDITIONS
776 Masticator Space Overview
780 Pterygoid Venous Plexus Asymmetry
781 Benign Masticator Muscle Hypertrophy
782 CNV3 Motor Denervation
784 Masticator Space Abscess
786 Masticator Space CNV3 Schwannoma
787 Masticator Space CNV3 Perineural Tumor
788 Masticator Space Chondrosarcoma
790 Masticator Space Sarcoma
NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
792 Bell Palsy
793 Hemifacial Spasm
794 Trigeminal Neuralgia
• SECTION 6: SDB-RELATED UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT DIAGNOSES
CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF SDB
798 Classification of SDB Disorders
800 Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis of SDB
806 Correlation of Clinical Symptoms of SDB to
Radiographic Findings
808 Nasal Risk Factors for SDB
810 Paranasal Sinus Risk Factors for SDB
812 Nasopharyngeal Risk Factors for SDB
814 Oropharyngeal Risk Factors for SDB
816 Cervical Spine-Related Risk Factors for SDB
CONGENITAL CONDITIONS THAT CARRY RISK FOR SDB
818 Cleft Lip and Palate
822 Craniosynostoses (Crouzon)
824 Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
826 Klippel-Feil Spectrum
830 Mucopolysaccharidosis
831 CHARGE Syndrome
832 Cherubism
SINONASAL COMPLEX ENTITIES THAT NARROW AIRWAY
834 Nasal Cycle, Normal Physiology
ANOMALIES AND CONGENITAL CONDITIONS, SINONASAL
836 Deviated Nasal Septum
838 Concha Bullosa
840 Accessory Ostia
842 Sinus Hypoplasia/Aplasia
846 Nasolacrimal Duct Mucocele
847 Choanal Atresia
848 Congenital Nasal Pyriform Aperture Stenosis
849 Nasal Glioma
850 Nasal Dermal Sinus
851 Frontoethmoidal Cephalocele
852 Upper Airway Infantile Hemangioma
853 Skull Base CSF Leak
INFLAMMATORY CHANGES, SINONASAL
854 Acute Rhinosinusitis
858 Chronic Rhinosinusitis
859 Allergic Fungal Sinusitis
860 Odontogenic Sinusitis
862 Sinus Mycetoma
863 Invasive Fungal Sinusitis
864 Sinonasal Polyposis
865 Solitary Sinonasal Polyp
866 Sinonasal Mucocele
870 Mucus Retention Pseudocyst
872 Sinonasal Organized Hematoma
873 Silent Sinus Syndrome
874 Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegener)
875 Nasal Cocaine Necrosis
BENIGN LESIONS, SINONASAL
876 Sinonasal Fibrous Dysplasia
877 Sinonasal Osteoma
878 Sinonasal Ossifying Fibroma
879 Juvenile Angiofibroma
880 Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma
881 Sinonasal Hemangioma
882 Sinonasal Nerve Sheath Tumor
883 Sinonasal Benign Mixed Tumor
MALIGNANT LESIONS, SINONASAL
884 Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
888 Esthesioneuroblastoma
889 Sinonasal Melanoma
890 Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma
891 Sinonasal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
892 Sinonasal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
893 Sinonasal Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
894 Sinonasal Chondrosarcoma
895 Sinonasal Osteosarcoma
896 Rhabdomyosarcoma
897 Skull Base Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
NASOPHARYNGEAL ENTITIES THAT NARROW AIRWAY
ANOMALIES AND CONGENITAL CONDITIONS, NASOPHARYNX
898 Tornwaldt Cyst
899 Fossa Navicularis Magna
900 Persistent Craniopharyngeal Canal
INFLAMMATORY CHANGES, NASOPHARYNX
901 Suppurative Adenopathy of Retropharyngeal Space
902 Adenoid Vegetation/Hypertrophy
BENIGN LESIONS, NASOPHARYNX
906 Benign Mixed Tumor of Pharyngeal Mucosal Space
907 Plexiform Neurofibroma of Head and Neck
908 Posttransplantation Lymphoproliferative Disorder
909 Sinus Histiocytosis (Rosai-Dorfman) of Head and Neck
910 Invasive Pituitary Macroadenoma
MALIGNANT LESIONS, NASOPHARYNX
911 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
912 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma of Pharyngeal Mucosal
Space
913 Extraosseous Chordoma
914 Skull Base Plasmacytoma
OROPHARYNGEAL ENTITIES THAT NARROW AIRWAY
ANOMALIES AND CONGENITAL CONDITIONS, OROPHARYNX
915 Congenital Vallecular Cyst
916 Thyroglossal Duct Cyst
917 Lingual Thyroid
INFLAMMATORY CHANGES, OROPHARYNX
918 Retropharyngeal Space Abscess
919 Retention Cyst of Pharyngeal Mucosal Space
920 Tonsillar Inflammation
921 Tonsillar/Peritonsillar Abscess
BENIGN LESIONS, OROPHARYNX
922 Parotid Benign Mixed Tumor
923 Carotid Space Schwannoma
924 Parapharyngeal Space Benign Mixed Tumor
MALIGNANT LESIONS, OROPHARYNX
925 Parotid Malignant Mixed Tumor
926 Nodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Retropharyngeal Space
927 Minor Salivary Gland Malignancy of Pharyngeal Mucosal Space
928 Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma of Head and Neck
929 Base of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma
930 Palatine Tonsil Squamous Cell Carcinoma
931 Nodal Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Retropharyngeal Space
932 Soft Palate Squamous Cell Carcinoma
934 HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
• SECTION 7: TMJ RADIOGRAPHIC DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES
CONDYLAR POSITION
938 Anterior Condylar Position
944 Posterior Condylar Position
950 Superior Condylar Position
956 Inferior Condylar Position
CHANGES IN CONDYLAR AND CORONOID SIZE
962 Small Condyle
968 Large Condyle
972 Large Coronoid Process
CONDYLAR EROSION
974 Well-Defined Erosion
980 Poorly Defined Erosion
CHANGES IN TMJ DENSITY
984 TMJ Low-Density Entities
986 TMJ High-Density Entities
MISCELLANEOUS
990 Calcifications Associated With the TMJ
992 Soft Tissue Calcifications, Head and Neck
• SECTION 8: TMJ CLINICAL DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES
RANGE OF MOTION
998 Limited Oral Opening
1004 Hypermobility
SOUNDS
1006 Joint Sounds
1008 Tinnitus
OCCLUSION/SYMMETRY CHANGES
1014 Asymmetry
1020 Anterior Open Bite
1026 Posterior Open Bite
• SECTION 9: SDB RISK FACTORS, RADIOGRAPHIC DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES
NASAL CAVITY AND PARANASAL SINUSES
1034 Blocked Nasal Valves
1038 Large Nasal Turbinates
1042 Sinonasal Fibroosseous and Cartilaginous Lesions
1044 Paranasal Sinus Lesions Without Bony Destruction
1048 Paranasal Sinus Lesions With Bony Destruction
1052 Perforated Nasal Septum
1054 Nasal Lesion Without Bony Destruction
1058 Nasal Lesion With Bony Destruction
NASOPHARYNX
1062 Soft Tissue Entities in Nasopharynx
OROPHARYNX
1068 Soft Tissue Enlargement of Lateral Pharyngeal Wall
1072 Soft Tissue Between Tongue and Epiglottis
• SECTION 10: SDB RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES
CHANGES IN CRANIOFACIAL MORPHOLOGY AND POSITION
1078 Convex Facial Profile
1080 Small Maxilla
1082 Forward Head Posture
CHANGES IN BREATHING PATTERN
1084 Nasal Obstruction
CHANGES IN TEETH
1088 Flared and Proclined Teeth
1092 Crossbite
OTHER FACIAL CHANGES
1096 Dark Circles Under Eyes
• SECTION 11: IMAGING OF TMJ PROCEDURES
OROFACIAL PAIN AND TMJ INJECTIONS
1100 TMJ Injection
1102 Trigeminal Nerve Injection
1106 Scalp Block for Migraines and Facial Pain
1110 Trigger Points
TMJ SURGERY
1112 Total Joint Replacement
1124 TMJ Disc Replacement
1126 TMJ Arthroscopic Surgery Cascade
• SECTION 12: IMAGING OF SURGICAL PROCEDURES FOR SDB
SINONASAL PROCEDURES
1132 Septoplasty and Turbinate Reduction
1134 Adenoidectomy
1136 Tonsillectomy
MAXILLARY-MANDIBULAR ADVANCEMENT
1138 Introduction to Orthognathic Surgery
1144 LeFort 1 Osteotomy
1148 Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomies
1154 MMA for Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Meticulously updated by board-certified oral and maxillofacial radiologist, Dr. Dania Tamimi and her team of sub-specialty experts, Specialty Imaging: Temporomandibular Joint and Sleep-Disordered Breathing, second edition, is a comprehensive reference ideal for anyone involved with TMJ imaging or SDB, including oral and maxillofacial radiologists and surgeons, TMJ/craniofacial pain specialists, sleep medicine specialists, head and neck radiologists, and otolaryngologists. This detailed, beautifully illustrated volume covers recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of both the TMJ and SDB, including how related structures are affected. Employing a multifaceted, multispecialty approach, the clinical perspectives and imaging expertise of today’s research specialists are brought together in a single, image-rich, easy-to-read text.

Features:
• Reflects the current emphasis on holistic diagnosis and treatment not just of the TMJ but of all related structures that can be adversely affected by any TMJ dysfunction
• Examines a variety of presenting clinical signs or symptoms, discusses imaging strategies and the associated conditions revealed by imaging, and helps you develop differential diagnoses
• Provides current, detailed information on the relationship between TMJ disorders and SDB, how imaging shows the correlation between the two, and risk factors for SDB
• Includes upper respiratory tract diagnoses, with multiple subsections on the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx, each with multiple new chapters
• Features new chapters on ultrasonography of the TMJ and upper respiratory tract, new content on 3D and 4D modeling and surface rendering, a new section on imaging of upper respiratory tract procedures, and new content detailing the tie-in between occlusion and SDB
• Includes an expanded Modalities section that includes new chapters on formulating a TMJ/upper respiratory tract report; plain film imaging of the TMJ and upper respiratory tract; CBCT analysis of the upper respiratory tract; dynamic MR of the TMJ and upper respiratory tract, and ultrasound of the TMJ
• Covers the role that TMJ plays in facial growth and development, stomatognathic system function, and how TMJ abnormalities change the dimensions of the facial skeleton and surrounding structures
• Contains over 5,000 print and online-only images (more than 300 are new), including radiologic images, full-color medical illustrations, and histologic and gross pathology photographs
• Reflects updates to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC-TMD)—the major clinical classification method and a key tool to assess/diagnose TMJ issues and facilitate communication for consultants, referrals, and prognoses
• Includes an eBook version?that enables you to access all text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud

Author
Dania Tamimi, BDS, DMSc, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Consultant, Private Practice, Orlando, Florida; Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas; Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Digital Technology, Stony Brook University School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook, New York; Adjunct Assistant Professor, College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, Henderson, Nevada