LIMB LENGTHENING AND RECONSTRUCTION SURGERY CASE ATLAS. ADULT DEFORMITY - TUMOR - UPPER EXTREMITIES

Table of contents (106 chapters)
1. Adult Deformity: An Introduction
2. Case 1: Femur Lengthening with Precice Internal Lengthening Nail
3. Case 2: Tibia Lengthening with Precice Internal Lengthening Nail
4. Case 3: Tibial Lengthening Using a PRECICE Nail
5. Case 4: Both Femur and Tibial Shortening Caused from Hemi-hyperthropia Treated Simultaneously with Two Antegrade Precice Nails
6. Case 5: Combined Deformities of the Femur and Tibia with 9 cm Shortening Treated with a Retrograde Femoral Motorized Lengthening Nail and a Tibial Plate
7. Case 6: Congenital Femoral and Tibial Shortening Internally Lengthened with an ISKD and a Precice Nail
8. Case 7: Femoral Lengthening with Fitbone Nail Treated with “Sandwich Technique” to Remedy Non-union Then Lengthened with Precice Nail at Allogenous Fresh Frozen Strut Graft Site
9. Case 8: Femoral Lengthening (12 cm) with Two Precice Nail Lengthenings. Management of a Broken Precice Nail During the First Lengthening
10. Case 9: Limb Lengthening of 14 cm with Simultaneous Deformity Correction of Femur and Tibia by Fully Implantable, Electric Driven Lengthening Nails
11. Case 10: Malaligned and Short Femur Associated with Vascular Deficit – 2 Stage Realignment and Lengthening with Custom Made Magnetic Driven Intramedullary Nail
12. Case 11: Partial Union After Lengthening, A New Concept in Bone Healing
13. Case 12: Bilateral Distal Femoral Osteotomy, Opening Wedge with Plate, for Genu Valgum
14. Case 13: Complex Femoral Deformity: Acute Correction and IM Nail Fixation
15. Case 14: Femoral Shaft Varus Above a Total Knee Replacement Treated with a Circular Hexapod Fixator
16. Case 15: Periarticular Femur Deformity and LLD: A Modern Approach
17. Case 16: Correction of Bilateral Genu Varum for a High Level Athlete
18. Case 17: Computer Assisted External Fixation for Aesthetic Changing Lower Limb Shape
19. Case 18: Gradual Correction of Distal Tibial Varus Deformity
20. Case 19: Bilateral Genu Varum and LLD Corrected with an Internal Lengthening IMN and Contralateral HTO
21. Case 20: Acute Correction of Combined Deformity of the Tibia by Double Level Osteotomy and Fixator Assisted Plating Technique
22. Case 21: Complex Tibial Deformity: Acute Correction and IM Nail Fixation
23. Case 22: Treatment of Posterior Tibial Nerve Impingement After Tibial Lengthening
24. Case 23: Complex Deformity After PFFD Treatment – Multifocal, Gradual Correction on Femur and Tibia with Monolateral External Fixation
25. Case 24: Complex Four Segment Multiapical Lower Extremity Deformities in Rickets Treated with Fixator Assisted Intramedullary Nailing
26. Case 25: Correction of Windswept Rotational Deformity with Fixator Assisted Plating Technique
27. Case 26: Correction of Valgus-Torsion Deformity of the Femur and Varustorsion Deformity of the Lower Leg Accompanied with LLD
28. Case 27: Correction of Varus Deformity of the Femur and Tibia in Patient with LCL Laxity
29. Case 28: Femoral and Tibial Rotational Deformity Treated with Fixator Assisted Nailing and Gradual Correction with The Taylor Spatial Frame
30. Case 29: Intraoperative SSEP Monitoring of Circular External Fixation in Achondroplasia
31. Case 30: Multiapical Deformity of Knee, Tibia, and Ankle Treated with Osteotomy, Arthrodesis, and Arthroplasty
32. Case 31: Treatment of Complex Deformity of the Lower Extremities in Hypophospatemic Rickets Using a Six-Pod Frame and Fixator Assisted Plating
33. Case 32: Acute Correction of Tibial Deformity and Plate Fixation, with Subsequent Lengthening Over Plate
34. Case 33: Multiapical Deformity Correction in Bilateral Femur and Tibia in Rickets. LATP Technique to Decrease the Time of External Fixator
35. Case 34: Simultaneous Lengthening and Deformity Correction over Customized Intramedullary Locking Nail (LON) for Multidimensional Deformity of the Proximal Tiba
36. Case 35: Acute Correction with Marrow (Intramedullary Canal) Narrowing Technique and Subsequent Lengthening Over Nail for the Femoral Shortening Combined with a Deformity
37. Case 36: Advanced Hip Arthrosis, Massive Perceived LLD and Pelvic Obliquity due to Adduction Contracture Treated with THR
38. Case 37: Ipsilateral Secondary Hip Osteoarthritis and Leg Length Discrepancy: Treated Simultaneously with Total Hip Replacement and Motorized Lengthening
39. Case 38: LLD After Total Hip Replacement Treated with Precice Nail
40. Case 39: Sustained Clinical and Structural Benefit After Five Years Following Joint Distraction in the Treatment of Severe Knee Osteoarthritis
41. Case 40: Neglected Rotatory Knee Dislocation Treated with the Taylor Spatial Frame
42. Case 41: Knee Joint Osteochondral Reconstruction Using Fresh Femoral Head Autograft
43. Case 42: Reconstruction of a Lateral Femoral Condyle Articular Surface Defect with a Fresh Osteochondral Allograft
44. Case 43: Salvage of an Infected Malunion of a Lateral Tibial Plateau with Staged Revision to a Bulk Osteochondral Allograft and Associated Lateral Meniscal Transplant
45. Case 44: Treatment of Severe Knee Joint Stiffness with Soft Tissue Release and External Fixation
46. Case 45: Bilateral Congenital Knee Fusions with Lower Limb Deformities and Coxa Vara Treated with Osteotomies
47. Case 46: Correction of Varus Deformity of the Femur in a Patient with Knee Fusion
48. Case 47: Knee Arthrodesis for Failed Total Knee Arthroplasty
49. Case 48: Knee Fusion and Lengthening for Failed Total Knee Replacement and Bone Loss
50. Case 49: Knee Fusion with Gradual Shortening and Staged Insertion of Antibiotic Coated Intramedullary Nail for Failed Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty
51. Case 50: Staged Revision of a Chronic Infected Ipsilateral THA and TKA Using an Antibiotic Laden PMMA Functional Spacer Incorporating a Knee Fusion Nail
52. Case 51: Acute Shortening and Re-lengthening to Bridge Bone Defects
53. Case 52: Bifocal Staged Bone Transport of a 30 cm Defect Including the Knee Joint
54. Case 53: Cable Technique with a Medial Monorail for Bone Transport and Extended Soft Tissue Access for Reconstruction of More Than 16 cm of Tibial Bone
55. Case 54: Deformity Correction (Tibial Bone Defect due to Osteomyelitis) in Lower Limb Using Taylor Spatial Frame
56. Case 55: Motorized Intramedullary Transport and Lengthening Nail Used to Reconstruct a Nonunion/Bone Defect of the Tibia
57. Case 56: Lengthening of a Very Short Below Knee Amputation Residual Limb to Enhance Prosthetic Wear
58. Case 57: An Initially Successful Lengthening of a Traumatic Below Knee Amputation Stump by Ilizarov Technique with Subsequent Failure Due to Soft Tissue Conditions
59. Case 58: Below Knee Amputation Stump Lengthening
60. Case 59: Femoral Stump (Residual Limb) Lengthening with a Motorized Intramedullary Lengthening Rod
61. Case 60: Post-traumatic Short Femoral Stump Lengthened with a Monolateral External Fixator
62. Tumor: An Introduction
63. Case 61: Deformity Correction (Benign Bone Tumor) in Lower Limb Using Taylor Spatial Frame
64. Case 62: Correction of Long Bone Deformities due to Ollier’s Disease with Ilizarov Method
65. Case 63: Femoral Neck Aneurysmal Bone Cyst Treated with Articulated Distraction and Grafting
66. Case 64: Repair and Lengthening After Nonunion of Free Vascularized Fibula Graft for Reconstruction of Osteosarcoma of the Tibia
67. Case 65: Distraction Epiphysiolysis Prior to Resection of a Malignant Bone Tumor (Osteosarcoma)
68. Case 66: Reconstruction of a Bone Defect (Malignant Bone Tumor) in the Diaphyseal Tibia Using Circular External Fixator with Trifocal Bone Transport (Distraction Osteogenesis)
69. Case 67: Reconstruction of a Bone Defect (Malignant Bone Tumor) in the Proximal Humerus Using Vascularized Fibular Grafting
70. Case 68: Reconstruction of a Bone Defect (Malignant Bone Tumor) in the Proximal Tibia Using a Frozen Autograft
71. Case 69: Reconstruction of a Bone Defect (Malignant Bone Tumor) in the Proximal Tibia Using Taylor Spatial Frame (Distraction Osteogenesis)
72. Case 70: Reconstruction of a Bone Defect (Malignant Bone Tumor) in the Proxial Tibia Using a Hemicortical Frozen Autograft
73. Case 71: Reconstruction of a 22 cm Femur Bone Defect with Transport Over Nail and Cable Technique
74. Case 72: Reconstruction of a Bone Defect, Following Resection of Chondrosarcoma in the Distal Forearm by Segment Transport Over Nail Technique Using Uniplanar Fixator
75. Case 73: Pathologic Femur Fracture Close to Distal Femoral Physis
76. Case 74: Oncologic Defects: Reconstruction Following Initial Treatment Failure
77. Case 75: Failed Allograft Reconstruction (Nonunion) for Malignant Bone
78. Case 76: Staged Reconstruction of a Failed Modular Knee Tumor Prosthesis
79. Case 77: Reconstruction of Failed Allograft Reconstruction with Combined Technique (Low-Grade Osteosarcoma)
80. Case 78: Tibio-Talar Fusion to Treat Bone Defect and Ankle Arthritis Following Treatment of a Distal Tibial Giant Cell Tumour
81. Case 79: Combined Technique for Simultaneous Reconstruction of Ankle Instability and Tibial Lengthening Following Sacrifice of the Sciatic Nerve
82. Upper Extremity: An Introduction
83. Case 80: Humeral Deformity Secondary to Ollier Disease – Angular Correction and Lengthening with a Taylor Spatial Frame
84. Case 81: Humeral Lengthening and Deformity Correction in Ollier’s Disease: Distraction Osteogenesis with a Multiaxial Correction Frame
85. Case 82: Humeral Lengthening for Septic Growth Arrest
86. Case 83: Adolescent with 15 cm Humeral Shortening from Osteomyelitis Treated by Humeral Lengthening via Circular External Fixation
87. Case 84: Humeral Lengthening in Erb's Palsy
88. Case 85: Deformity of the Humerus in a Four Year Old Boy with Osteogenesis Imperfecta
89. Case 86: Humeral Lengthening with a Motorized Intramedullary Lengthening Nail
90. Case 87: Varus and Shortening of the Proximal Humerus
91. Case 88: Arthrogryposis Elbow Extension Contracture
92. Case 89: Radial Clubhand
93. Case 90: Radial Clubhand Correction with Radius Lengthening Using the Ilizarov/TSF
94. Case 91: Ulnarization as Treatment for Radial Clubhand (RCH)
95. Case 92: Congenital Malformation of the Upper Limb (Ulnar Clubhand) in a 6 Year Old Child Treated by Lengthening Associated with Flexible Intramedullary Nailing
96. Case 93: Correction of Forearm by Corrective Radial Osteotomy and Ulnar Lengthening by Distraction Osteogenesis Deformity in Hereditary Multiple Osteochondromatosis
97. Case 94: Correction of Forearm Deformities in Herediatry Multiple Exostosis (MHE)
98. Case 95: Cubitus Varus Deformity due to Multiple Hereditary Exostosis Treated with Ulnar Lengthening and Closed Radio-Capitulum Reduction
99. Case 96: Multiple Hereditary Exostoses: Forearm Deformities
100. Case 97: Forearm Deformity in a Fourteen-Year-Old Boy with Osteogenesis Imperfecta
101. Case 98: Bilateral Metacarpal Lengthening for Congenital Brachymetcarpia
102. Case 99: Mangled Upper Extremity Salvaged with Spatial Frame, Skin Grafts, Radial Lengthening, and Wrist Fusion
103. Case 100: Reconstruction of the Elbow After Gunshot Injury with Dynamic Articulated Frame
104. Case 101: Mangled Upper Extremity Salvaged with Spatial Frame, Skin Grafts, Wrist Fusion and Transfer of FCR to EDC
105. Case 102: Fracture of the Humerus Treated Initially with a Flexible Intramedullary Nail and Later Converted to Circular External Fixation due to Non-union
106. Case 103: Humerus Nonunion Treated with Fixator Augmented Rod Technique

Consisting of case studies contributed by both domestic and international leaders in the field, this is an invaluable resource for all orthopedic surgeons and researchers and practitioners of limb lengthening, deformity correction and the Ilizarov method. Comprehensive yet accessible, this volume covers injuries to the upper extremity, adult deformity correction and bone tumors, from humeral lengthening and femoral deformity to amputation reconstruction and reconstruction after benign and malign bone tumors. Each of the unique cases includes color photographs and radiographs from before, during and after surgery followed by a consistent chapter structure which outlines a brief clinical history of the case, preoperative problem list, treatment strategy, basic principles, technical pearls and how to avoid and manage complications and subsequent problems. Suggested readings round out each case. A comprehensive presentation of techniques is featured, including external fixation, internal fixation, combination approaches and fully implantable limb lengthening nails. This case-based approach is an efficient and thorough way to learn this exciting new frontier in orthopedic surgery.

Features
• Presents instruction cases from international master surgeons in limb lengthening & reconstruction surgery
• Focuses on injuries to the upper extremity, adult deformity correction and bone tumors
• Explores humeral lengthening, femoral deformity and reconstruction
• Supports learning through structure, color photographs and radiographs

Authors
• S. Robert Rozbruch, MD Hospital for Special Surgery, New York Professor of Clinical Orthopedic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College 2012-2013 President, Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Society (LLRS)
• Reggie Hamdy, MD McGill University, Montreal, Canada Chief of Staff, Shriners Hospitals for Children Section.