BACTERIAL NANOCELLULOSE. A SOPHISTICATED MULTIFUNCTIONAL MATERIAL

• Biosynthesis of Bacterial Cellulose
• Effect of Cultivation Conditions on the Structure and Morphological Properties of BNC Biomaterials with a Focus on Vascular Grafts
• Large-Scale Production of BNC: State and Challenges
• Tough Bacterial Nanocellulose Hydrogels Based on the Double-Network Technique
• Bacterial Cellulose Surface Modifications
• Nematic Ordered Cellulose Templates
• Applications and Products—Nata de Coco
• Wound Dressings and Cosmetic Materials from Bacterial Nanocellulose
• Bacterial Nanocellulose Hydrogels Designed as Bioartificial Medical Implants
• Bacterial Nanocellulose Biomaterials with Controlled Architecture for Tissue Engineering Scaffolds and Customizable Implants
• Biomimetic Mineralization of Apatite on Bacterial Cellulose
• Bacterial Nanocellulose as a Structured Platform for Conductive Biopolymers

Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is an emerging nanomaterial with unique properties produced by several species of ubiquitous fermentation bacteria, most importantly Gluconacetobacter xylinus, previously known as Acetobacter xylinum. BNC has been used for a variety of commercial applications including textiles, cosmetics, and food products, and it has a high potential for medical applications.
Bacterial NanoCellulose: A Sophisticated Multifunctional Material provides the state of the art of scientific knowledge about the mechanism of cellulose production by bacteria along with pointing out challenges in expansion of BNC production in large scale. It provides the latest update on BNC structure and its modification, as well as comprehensive information about current and future applications of BNC.
This seminal work covers the basic science, technology, and economic impact of this bulk chemical as well as the companies and patents that are driving the field. It reviews the biosynthesis and properties of BNC.

Features
• Presents a comprehensive view of the genetics, production, characterization, and applications of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)
• Describes the effects of cultivation conditions on the bacterial nanocellulose network formation, including controlled architecture for tissue engineering
• Reviews a variety of approaches which are available for generation of BNC in different forms, ranging from batch, fed-batch to continuous cultivation methods applying typical bioreactors but also several specific devices
• Covers the exclusive structure–property relationship in order to extend the usage of a nematic ordered cellulose film as a functional template for bacterium culture and biomimetic mineralization
• Describes commercially available products of bacterial nanocellulose, including nata de coco, wound dressings, cosmetic materials, and flat BNC implants for cartilage repair and tubular BNC blood vessel grafts
• Describes biomimetic mineralization of apatite on BNC
• Presents current results concerning the chemical polymerization of conducting polymers